Abstract Background Acute rheumatic fever (ARF) remains a significant public health challenge, especially in low- and middle-income countries. It disproportionately affects non-white populations in underprivileged regions and may lead to rheumatic heart disease (RHD), which has high morbidity and mortality. Objectives Analyze hospitalizations and deaths related to ARF in Brazil between 2008 and 2022, highlighting regional and demographic inequalities. Methods We conducted a cross-sectional study analyzing hospitalization and mortality data caused by ARF from 2008 to 2022 in Brazil, collected […]