From classical ECG exercise testing to modern modalities The ECG exercise test, introduced several decades ago and whose most visible face was evolved to what would become the Bruce protocol, was a paradigm shift in CAD evaluation. It provided a non-invasive means to assess the heart’s response to physical stress, offering valuable insights into aspects like ischemic changes and arrhythmias. , The simplicity of this method, coupled with the provision of data on different components of the cardiovascular response, led […]