Pulmonary vein isolation is the cornerstone for atrial fibrillation ablation. The onset of fibrillation episodes by rapid firing of atrial tachycardias originating from these structures is well documented. The elimination of these triggers by electrical isolation of the pulmonary vein antrum is associated with better arrhythmia control and fewer adverse events, in both the paroxysmal and persistent forms of atrial fibrillation. However, this is not the only mechanism involved, especially in more advanced forms of this arrhythmia. An enormous amount […]

Radial access is the default for diagnostic coronariography in many centers and, according to the latest consensus, should be in all. Over these more than 60 years, coronariography has been performed by several techniques. One of them, ironically the very first one, using just one catheter to canulate both coronaries and enter the left ventricle. […]