Cardiac remodeling due to exercise training overload (the so-called “athlete’s heart”) has been widely investigated since the 70’s and is still acknowledged by the scientific community. To differentiate normal adaptive responses (“benign”) from abnormal ones remains a challenge. Here we address some important issues related to the discussion on cardiac remodeling in exercise, recently revisited by Vidaletti-Silva and colleagues in this issue. In terms of morphological adaptations, the left atrial and ventricular hypertrophy call attention due to their potential association […]