Cardiovascular (CV) disease is a major cause of morbidity and mortality, with coronary artery disease (CAD) being one of its most challenging presentations. Over the years, several strategies have allowed marked improvements in its management. Physical exercise (a core component of cardiac rehabilitation programs) is currently a cornerstone of comprehensive contemporary secondary prevention strategies. While the benefits of physical exercise have been extensively described in the presence of CAD, the myriad mechanistic pathways by which this intervention exerts its various […]

Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) remains the first cause of death in the world, and Brazil., Individuals with previous ASCVD are at the highest risk of subsequent events, and guidelines recommend aggressive lowering of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c) levels to prevent bad outcomes., However, several reports from around the world indicate a gap between guideline recommendations and clinical practice, and a large proportion of the population, especially in secondary prevention, lives with LDL-c levels above those considered reasonable to prevent events.– […]

Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) statistics never fail to impress even the most hardened and experienced physician. One-third of deaths worldwide are still due to cardiovascular causes (85% of those are myocardial infarction and stroke), and 75% occur in mid-to-low income countries., Half the people who died of myocardial infarction never had symptoms before the tragic event, and most never had the diagnosis of coronary artery disease. Despite our best efforts, the prevalence of ischemic heart disease (IHD) has been steadily rising […]

It is currently known that the atherosclerosis process starts in childhood. Thus, in order to decrease the number of cardiovascular events in the adult population, it was necessary to establish strategies aimed at preventing the development of risk factors in children. Of these, obesity is one of the most accountable elements. Obesity and its consequences, especially in adolescents, has been an increasingly frequent reality in cardiologists’ offices. Studies have shown that a high body mass index means a greater probability […]

Since the 80s, many approaches have emerged regarding the interpretation of cholesterol levels in clinical practice. There have even been medical meetings with titles such as: “Cholesterol: Myth or Truth”? […]