Lipids and cardiovascular disease (CVD) Lipid metabolism involves a wide range of complex pathways that play key roles in both normal physiology and disease. Lipids are essential for maintaining cell membrane integrity and supporting energy balance and metabolic homeostasis. Among them, cholesterol has drawn particular attention for its strong association with CVD.– While cholesterol is vital for several physiological functions — such as those related to nervous system structure and steroid hormone production — its role in the development of […]

Abstract Background Familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) is a common genetic cause of premature coronary heart disease due to prolonged exposure to high levels of LDL cholesterol (LDL-C). Its prevalence in the heterozygous form ranges from 1:200 to 1:500, and early diagnosis is fundamental for treatment and risk reduction. Cascade screening is recommended upon the identification of index cases. Objectives To assess the prevalence of lipid disorders suggestive of FH in students aged 12 to 17 years participating in the ERICA study […]

Abstract Background Individuals with severe hypercholesterolemia (SH) are considered at high atherosclerosis risk and should be intensively treated with lipid-lowering drugs aiming for an LDL-C reduction of≥50% and a goal of

Introduction Elevated levels of low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) have been established as an important risk factor for the development of atherosclerosis. As a corollary of this reasoning, an LDL-centric approach has emerged based on statins and other medications able to reduce LDL-C and cardiovascular risk. The Cholesterol Treatment Trialists’ Collaboration, an individual patient data meta-analysis, found a log-linear relationship between the degree of LDL-C reduction and cardiovascular events. According to this, expert guidelines for preventing cardiovascular diseases recommend statin use for […]

Translational Medicine encompasses three areas: 1) acceleration of knowledge transmission from basic science to clinical practice; 2) analysis of the causes and pathophysiology of clinical observations through interaction with basic science; and 3) implementation of basic knowledge and concepts produced by clinical and experimental research in the general population, which is also known as “implementation science”. In the past, some fundamental discoveries stayed confined to the basic science for long years before becoming diagnostic instruments or therapies applicable to practice. […]

Abstract Background: The interruption of the time spent in sedentary behavior (breaks) has been associated with better levels of cardiometabolic indicators in the adult population, but in adolescents, further investigations are still needed to confirm these findings. Objectives: To analyze the association of the number of breaks per day in sedentary behaviors with cardiometabolic markers and whether it was moderated by nutritional status and excessive time on sedentary behavior in adolescents. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study of 537 adolescents […]

Abstract Background: The development of a new class of medications that are highly capable of reducing LDL-cholesterol renewed the interest in the characterization of familial hypercholesterolemia patients. Nevertheless, little is known about the lipid profile of patients in tertiary healthcare centers in Brazil in order to better estimate the real occurrence of familial hypercholesterolemia, with initial suspect of LDL-cholesterol levels above 190 mg/d/L. Objectives: This study evaluated the lipid profile (total cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol) in ambulatory patients from a general […]