Introduction Secondary or functional mitral regurgitation (MR) is due to changes in the geometry of the left ventricle (LV) secondary to ventricular dysfunction. It occurs when an ischemic heart disease or a dilated cardiomyopathy of any etiology causes dilation of the LV, dilation of the mitral ring, and/or displacement of the papillary muscle, resulting in poor coaptation of the valve cusps and valve regurgitation. the American Heart Association indicates that 16,250 per million North Americans have secondary MR,, totaling more […]