Ultrasound and echocardiography with Doppler studies have represented, over the last few decades, highly noteworthy advances in medical practice in general. Particularly in internal medicine, they have promoted a true revolution in daily work and are currently considered a fundamental tool in clinical practice. This application of the method includes both urgent care and outpatient settings., In emergency scenarios, the initial establishment of the FAST (Focused Assessment with Sonography in Trauma) protocol for systematized trauma care made it possible to […]

Abstract Valvular heart disease (VHD) is an increasing health problem worldwide. Patients with VHD may experience several cardiovascular-related emergencies. The management of these patients is a challenge in the emergency department, especially when the previous heart condition is unknown. Specific recommendations for the initial management are currently poor. This integrative review proposes an evidence-based three-step approach from bedside VHD suspicion to the initial treatment of the emergencies. The first step is the suspicion of underlying valvular condition based on signs […]