Introduction Non-ST elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI), characterized by myocardial damage without the classic ST-segment elevation, poses distinct challenges in its diagnosis and management. The aftermath of NSTEMI extends beyond the immediate ischemic event, often contributing to a cascade of cardiovascular complications. The prevalence of MR in this specific cohort warrants meticulous examination, as it introduces a layer of complexity that can influence the trajectory of recovery and long-term prognosis. The development of Mitral regurgitation (MR) in patients with NSTEMI is […]

Case We present the case of a 52-year-old man with hepatitis C and a history of intravenous drug abuse, admitted to the infectology department with spondylodiscitis and psoas muscle abscess. Staphylococcus aureus was isolated from blood, urine, and spinal fluid cultures, and the transthoracic echocardiogram was negative for vegetation, abscess, or fistula. The transesophageal echocardiogram (TEE) showed a filamentous and mobile structure attached to the atrial surface of the mitral valve (MV), and a diagnosis of infective endocarditis was presumed. […]

Introduction Caseous calcified mitral annulus is a non-neoplastic cardiac lesion considered to be a variant of mitral annular calcification that should be suspected when heart masses are detected by echocardiogram, chest x-ray or other radiologic studies.– The majority of the patients is asymptomatic, but signs and symptoms of mitral regurgitation, systemic embolization and atrioventricular blocks have been described.³ The diagnosis is confirmed by anatomopathologic examination. The prognosis is good. Here, we present a caseous calcification of the mitral annulus case […]

Abstract Background Mitral regurgitation (MR) is prevalent in patients undergoing transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI). There are some controversies about the prognostic impact of MR in survival of TAVI patients. Objective To examine the relationship between TAVI and MR in a patient population from the Brazilian TAVI Registry. Methods Seven hundred and ninety-five patients from the Brazilian TAVI Registry were divided at baseline, discharge, and follow-up according to their MR grade as follows: absent/mild (AMMR) or moderate/severe (MSMR). They were […]

Introduction Secondary or functional mitral regurgitation (MR) is due to changes in the geometry of the left ventricle (LV) secondary to ventricular dysfunction. It occurs when an ischemic heart disease or a dilated cardiomyopathy of any etiology causes dilation of the LV, dilation of the mitral ring, and/or displacement of the papillary muscle, resulting in poor coaptation of the valve cusps and valve regurgitation. the American Heart Association indicates that 16,250 per million North Americans have secondary MR,, totaling more […]

Treatment of Secondary Mitral Regurgitation Before considering percutaneous treatment of mitral regurgitation (MR) for patients with heart failure (HF) with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) and severe MR, we recommend that guideline-directed medical therapy be optimized, including cardiac resynchronization therapy and revascularization, where appropriate. The use of the edge-to-edge device could benefit patients with moderately severe or severe secondary MR (effective regurgitant orifice area [EROA] ≥ 30 mm2 and/or regurgitant volume > 45 mL) with a left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) […]

A 62-year-old man came to the Echocardiography Service with a history of arterial hypertension and systolic murmur in the mitral area. At the subsequent evaluation, the patient reported dyspnea and fatigue on moderate exertion, but without an impact on social life. Peripheral oxygen saturation at rest ranged from 95% to 98%; extremities were warm and perfused, with no signs of peripheral hypoperfusion; cyanosis and digital clubbing were absent. The echocardiogram disclosed a case of levocardia, with the presence of a […]

Case Report A 59-year-old asymptomatic female patient, with a diagnosis of a large bilateral coronary-pulmonary artery fistula made in 2007 was investigated after a cardiac murmur was identified on a routine examination. At the time, conservative treatment was chosen. Cardiac auscultation showed a more audible systolic-diastolic murmur in the upper left sternal border, with a more audible component in systole. There were no other findings in the cardiological physical examination or even the overall segmental examination. The patient had no […]

Clinical aspects This is about a 59-year-old woman with double mitral lesions with pulmonary hypertension who, while awaiting surgery, had arterial hypotension, respiratory failure with hypotransparency in the right lung field. It evolved without improvement with vasoactive drugs, orotracheal intubation and antibiotic therapy, and she passed away in electrical activity without pulse. The etiology of this patient’s valve disease should be attributed to rheumatic fever, although there is no description of an acute outbreak of that disease in the patient’s […]