Abstract Background: Smoking and an inadequate diet are behavioral risk factors that contribute to the majority of deaths and disabilities caused by noncommunicable diseases. Objectives: To estimate the prevalence of the co-occurrence of smoking and inadequate diet and identify associated factors in adults. Methods: A cross-sectional population-based study was conducted with a sample of 28,950 Brazilian adults (18 to 59 years old). Data were obtained from Sistema de Vigilância por Inquérito Telefônico (Vigitel [Brazilian Health Surveillance Telephone Survey]) in 2014. […]