Structural Bioprosthetic Valve Deterioration, Failure and Redo Valve Surgery Bioprosthetic valves are the device of choice for older patients who require left heart valve replacement, and recent data indicate that bioprostheses are also increasingly used in patients less than 65 years of age who undergo aortic or mitral valve surgeries. Although numerous observational studies have shown excellent survival and freedom from valve-related complications, ultimately all bioprosthetic heart valves are prone to fail. The term structural valve deterioration (SVD) includes permanent, […]

The advent of renal congestion in heart failure was first described by Frédéric Justin Collet (1870-1966), a French pathologist who found the notion of passive renal congestion related to heart dysfunction, creating the revealing term “rein cardiaque” in the early 1900s. The term cardiorenal syndrome emerged from a 2004 National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Working GrouP conference evaluating the complex interactions between the heart and kidney. The main pathophysiological mechanisms related to this condition are increased central venous and […]