Abstract Background The diagnostic utility of new or presumed new left bundle branch block (LBBB) for acute myocardial infarction (AMI) in the setting of acute coronary syndrome (ACS) remains controversial. Objective To evaluate whether the timing of LBBB predicts AMI and to compare its diagnostic accuracy with ischemic electrocardiography (ECG) criteria, particularly the Modified Sgarbossa Criteria (MSC). Methods We searched PubMed and Scopus for studies involving patients with ACS with LBBB through December 2023. Sensitivity, specificity, positive (LR+) and negative […]

Abstract Background: In recent years, the impact of diet and lifestyle on coronary heart disease (CHD) has garnered significant attention. Caffeine, a common dietary component, and its metabolites may influence cardiovascular health. Objective: This study aimed to investigate the association between urinary levels of caffeine and its metabolites and the incidence of CHD as well as to assess how these associations vary across different population groups. Methods: Data from the NHANES database (2009-2014) were analyzed using multivariable logistic regression models […]

Abstract Background: Handgrip strength (HGS) is a key indicator of overall muscle strength and functional capacity in patients with heart failure (HF). However, no reference equations specific to this population have been previously published. Objectives: This study aimed to develop and validate a reference equation for predicting HGS in patients with HF. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on patients with stable HF, aged 18–79 years, diagnosed for at least three months. Maximum HGS value was obtained from three consecutive […]

Abstract Background: Mortality in heart failure (HF) may be underestimated when analyses rely solely on the underlying cause of death from death certificates (DCs), whereas including multiple causes of death enables a broader examination of mortality and its determinants. Objective: To analyze the multiple causes of in-hospital and late death in patients with decompensated HF and reduced ejection fraction (EF) (HFrEF), mildly reduced EF (HFmrEF), and preserved EF (HFpEF). Methods: Retrospective analysis of a prospective cohort of patients admitted for […]

Abstract Background Mean arterial pressure (MAP) has critical importance in tissue perfusion. In clinical practice, the most used formula was suggested by Gauer, which uses systolic (SBP), diastolic (DBP), and pulse (PP) pressures gathered via the iliac artery (MAP = DBP + 0.333 x PP). However, its results are not reliable for noninvasive recordings as blood pressures are higher. Objectives We derived a corrected formula for the correct calculation of MAP from the noninvasive cuff blood pressure recordings: MAP = […]

Abstract Background Hypertension (HTN) is a global public health issue, with high prevalence and a significant impact on cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Cardioselective beta-blockers, such as atenolol, are widely used in the treatment of HTN, although their indication as first-line therapy remains controversial. Objective To evaluate the efficacy and safety of atenolol in the treatment of primary HTN, compared with other first-line classes of antihypertensive drugs. Methods A systematic review was conducted based on a research question structured using the […]

Abstract Background The increasing occurrence of systemic arterial hypertension (SAH) is associated with multifactorial conditions, including lifestyle changes among Indigenous populations. Objective To estimate the prevalence and identify factors associated with SAH among Indigenous individuals receiving care at a specialized outpatient clinic in southern Brazil. Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted with a sample of Indigenous individuals of both sexes aged 20 years or older, using data collected from medical records. Hypertension was defined as the dependent variable based on […]

Abstract Background: Transthyretin (TTR) amyloid cardiomyopathy (ATTR-CM) is the most common form of restrictive cardiomyopathy. Emerging pharmacological therapies aim to alter the natural history of disease and delay its advancement. However, data directly comparing the efficacy of different drug classes versus placebo remain limited. Objectives: This systematic review assessed the efficacy of TTR stabilizers and silencers compared with placebo on all-cause mortality, hospitalizations, functional outcomes, and serum levels of the biomarker NT-proBNP in patients with ATTR-CM. Methods: A comprehensive search […]

Abstract Background: Previous studies have observed a correlation between mortality rates from ischemic heart diseases (IHDs), cerebrovascular diseases (CBVDs), and the Social Vulnerability Index (SVI). However, doubts persist about the association between the overall SVI and its dimensions and mortality stratified by sex, ethnicity, and population clusters. Objective: To analyze the evolution of the overall SVI and its dimensions and correlate it with mortality rates due to IHD and CBVD in Brazil and its Federative Units (FUs) from 2000 to […]

Abstract Background Menopause is a natural physiological process that can impact various systems and organs, often leading to increased blood pressure. The combination of Panax ginseng and Angelica keiskei (Pg + Ak) is a formulation known to improve vascular function. Objective This study aimed to evaluate the in vivo effects of these combined plants on cardiovascular parameters in female rats experiencing menopause induced by ovariectomy. Methods Twenty-four 70-day-old female Wistar rats were randomly assigned to three groups: sham-operated (Sham), ovariectomized […]