1. Introduction On January 30, 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) stated that the outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by the new coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) constituted a “public health emergency of international concern” — the highest-level alert issued by the organization, as provided for in the International Health Regulations. Compared to SARS-CoV, which caused an outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) in 2003, SARS-CoV-2 has greater transmission potential. The rapid increase in confirmed cases has made COVID-19 prevention […]

Cover Letter The objective of this position statement is to inform clinicians, cardiologists, and medical imaging specialists on the recommended procedures, flows, and protocols for the duration of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic aiming at a more efficient protection of health care professionals and patients. Recommendations are based on the best available scientific evidence at the moment and on the consensus among experienced specialists. Since the first case of the new coronavirus disease (COVID-19) in Brazil, many changes in recommendations and a […]

List of Abbreviations ABCA1 – ATP binding cassette transporters A1 ABCG1 – ATP binding cassette transporters G1 […]

1. Background The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), was declared a pandemic by the World Health Organization (WHO) on March 11, 2020. COVID-19 has a high transmissibility and a variable symptom presentation, ranging from asymptomatic or mild symptoms to critical conditions. Its mild symptoms include dry cough, sore throat, dyspnea, gastrointestinal symptoms, fatigue, anosmia, ageusia, and headache, while serious events include thromboembolism and cardiovascular complications. Approximately 10% of the patients may […]

1. Introduction In accordance with the “Standards for Production of Guidelines, Position Statements, and Standardizations” sanctioned by the Brazilian Society of Cardiology, this document was written to update indications for echocardiography in fetal and pediatric cardiology and congenital heart disease of the adult, and to supplement the recently-published position paper on indications for echocardiography in adults. The position statement is not intended to be an in-depth review of echocardiography in congenital heart disease, but an indispensable basic guide to support […]

1. Introduction and General Concepts The pandemic resulting from the novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) infection, named COVID-19, emerged in Wuhan, China, in December 2019., Since then, millions of people around the world have been affected and hundreds of thousands have died. The virus spreads mainly from person to person,, directly via the airways or indirectly through contact with contaminated surfaces and objects. Respiratory infections occur through the transmission of virus-filled droplets (> 5 μm, approximate extension of 1.5 m) or aerosols […]

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1. Introduction The new coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic has led to debate about the best treatment for the disease and its complications. Recent publications have shown that cardiovascular disease is among the main risk factors for disease progression, including high blood pressure and diabetes mellitus. – It has been demonstrated that patients infected with the new coronavirus (COVID-19) have distinct activation of prothrombotic mechanisms, including a greater likelihood of thrombotic events. Acute coronary syndrome (ACS) with or without ST-elevation can occur […]

Abstract Care for patients with cardiac arrest in the context of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has several unique aspects that warrant particular attention. This joint position statement by the Brazilian Association of Emergency Medicine (ABRAMEDE), Brazilian Society of Cardiology (SBC), Brazilian Association of Intensive Care Medicine (AMIB), and Brazilian Society of Anesthesiology (SBA), all official societies representing the corresponding medical specialties affiliated with the Brazilian Medical Association (AMB), provides recommendations to guide health care workers in the current […]