Arq. Bras. Cardiol. 2020; 114(5): 943-987
Brazilian Cardiovascular Rehabilitation Guideline – 2020
Tales de Carvalho
, Mauricio Milani, Almir Sergio Ferraz, Anderson Donelli da Silveira, Artur Haddad Herdy, Carlos Alberto Cordeiro Hossri, Christina Grüne Souza e Silva, Claudio Gil Soares de Araújo, Eneas Antonio Rocco, José Antonio Caldas Teixeira, Luciana Oliveira Cascaes Dourado, Luciana Diniz Nagem Janot de Matos, Luiz Gustavo Marin Emed, Luiz Eduardo Fonteles Ritt, Marconi Gomes da Silva, Mauro Augusto dos Santos, Miguel Morita Fernandes da Silva, Odilon Gariglio Alvarenga de Freitas, Pablo Marino Corrêa Nascimento, Ricardo Stein, Romeu Sergio Meneghelo, Salvador Manoel Serra
1. Introduction
It is common sense—and has been scientifically proven – that physical activity helps to preserve and restore the health of both body and mind. The favorable effects of cardiovascular rehabilitation (CVR), with an emphasis on physical exercise, include significant reductions in cardiovascular and overall morbidity and mortality, reductions in hospitalization rate, , and significant gains in quality of life, , as consistently documented in the literature, including in meta-analyses of randomized clinical trials. These effects justify the consensual, emphatic recommendation of CVR by major medical societies worldwide. –
Sedentary behavior, which is highly prevalent in Brazil and elsewhere, is strongly associated with cardiovascular disease (CVD) and early mortality. , Conversely, higher levels of physical activity are positively associated with better quality of life and longer life expectancy. – In addition, there is a strong, inverse association of the various components of physical fitness with all-cause mortality and with occurrence of adverse cardiovascular events: the lower the level of physical fitness, the higher the mortality rate. –
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