Arq. Bras. Cardiol. 2024; 121(7): e20240478
Brazilian Guideline on Menopausal Cardiovascular Health – 2024
Gláucia Maria Moraes de Oliveira
, Maria Cristina Costa de Almeida
, Carolina María Artucio Arcelus
, Larissa Neto Espíndola
, Maria Alayde Mendonça Rivera
, Agnaldo Lopes da Silva-Filho
, Celi Marques-Santos
, César Eduardo Fernandes
, Carlos Japhet da Matta Albuquerque
, Claudia Maria Vilas Freire
, Maria Cristina de Oliveira Izar
, Maria Elizabeth Navegantes Caetano Costa
, Marildes Luiza de Castro
, Viviana de Mello Guzzo Lemke
, Alexandre Jorge Gomes de Lucena
, Andréa Araujo Brandão
, Ariane Vieira Scarlatelli Macedo
, Carisi Anne Polanczyk
, Carla Janice Baister Lantieri
, Eliana Petri Nahas
, Elizabeth Regina Giunco Alexandre
, Erika Maria Gonçalves Campana
, Érika Olivier Vilela Bragança
, Fernanda Marciano Consolim Colombo
, Imara Correia de Queiroz Barbosa
, Ivan Romero Rivera
, Jaime Kulak
, Lidia Ana Zytynski Moura
, Luciano de Mello Pompei
, Luiz Francisco Cintra Baccaro
, Marcia Melo Barbosa
, Marcio Alexandre Hipólito Rodrigues
, Marco Aurelio Albernaz
, Maria Sotera Paniagua de Decoud
, Maria Sanali Moura de Oliveira Paiva
, Martha Beatriz Sanchez-Zambrano
, Milena dos Santos Barros Campos
, Monica Acevedo
, Monica Susana Ramirez
, Olga Ferreira de Souza
, Orlando Otávio de Medeiros
, Regina Coeli Marques de Carvalho
, Rogerio Bonassi Machado
, Sheyla Cristina Tonheiro Ferro da Silva
, Thais de Carvalho Vieira Rodrigues
, Walkiria Samuel Avila
, Lucia Helena Simões da Costa-Paiva
, Maria Celeste Osorio Wender
1. Introduction
After the publication of the results from the Women’s Health Initiative (WHI) clinical trial in 2002 showing more risks than benefits to female health with estrogen (alone or combined with progestin) use to control menopausal signs and symptoms, there has been a progressive and sustained decline in the prescription of those drugs. –
In the United States, there was an increase in the prescription of menopausal hormone therapy (MHT) from 16 million in 1966 to 90 million in 1999, – so that, by the end of the 1990s, 25% of 45–74-year-old women and more than 40% of those aged 50-69 years were on that therapy. –
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