Arq. Bras. Cardiol. 2023; 120(10): e20230332
Death by Covid-19 in Individuals with Hypertension and Overweight: Can Diabetes be a Risk Factor?
Nayara Ribeiro Máximo de Almeida, Brenda dos Santos Teixeira, Breno Rennan de Souza Carvalho, Egidio Bezerra da Silva Neto, Maria Alice Leitão Araújo de Melo, Júlio Martinez Santos
, Johnnatas Mikael Lopes
In China, December 2019, the SARS-CoV-2 virus infection rapidly evolved into a pandemic. The S protein from the SARS-CoV-2 virus binds to angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE 2), which is part of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS), to serve as a cell-entry receptor. These receptors are widely expressed in the heart, intestines, kidneys, pancreas and respiratory tract.
The RAAS is a signaling pathway that acts as a homeostatic regulator of vascular function, responsible for blood pressure control. ACE 2 is an enzyme that catalyzes the cleavage of Angiotensin II into Angiotensin (1-7), Angiotensin I into Angiotensin (1-9) and participates in the hydrolysis of other peptides. Thus, Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors (ACE) and Angiotensin 2 AT1 Receptor Blockers (ARB) have been extensively studied due to the possibility of increasing ACE expression 2.
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Keywords: Cohort Studies; COVID-19; Death; Hypertension; Obesity
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