Arq. Bras. Cardiol. 2022; 118(2): 374-377

Special Considerations in the Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease in Women

Gláucia Maria Moraes de Oliveira , Nanette Kasss Wenger

DOI: 10.36660/abc.20220028

Cardiovascular Diseases (CVD) are the major cause of death and disability in Brazil, in women and men. According to the GBD 2019 Study estimates, among CVDs, IHD was the number 1 cause of death in Brazil, followed by Stroke. IHD was responsible for 12.03% (II95 10.66%-12.88%) and 12.2% (II95 11 .5%-12.77%) , of deaths and 4.78 %(II95 4.08%-5.47%) and 6.48% (II95 5.92%-7.05%) of Disability Adjusted Life Years (DALYs) , in women and men, respectively. Deaths and DALYs from Stroke were higher in women than in men, 10.39% (II95 9.25-11.11%) and 8.41% (II95 7.84%-8.83%) of the deaths and 4.62% (II 4.01%-5.18%) and 4.19% of DALYs (3.82%-4.53%), respectively.

In 2019, in Brazil, the incidence rate of IHD (mainly myocardial infarction) standardized by age was 78 (II 95%, 69-88) per 100,000 in women and 148 (II 95%, 130-166) per 100,000 in men. Regarding chronic IHD (previous AMI, stable angina or ischemic heart failure), the age-standardized prevalence rate was 1,046 (II 95%, 905-1,209) per 100,000 women and 2,534 (II 95%, 2,170-2,975) per 100,000 men. The PNS 2013, a household-based epidemiological survey with nationally representative interviews, using the “WHO/Rose Angina Questionnaire,” reported that the prevalence of mild angina (grade I) was 9.1% (95%CI 8.5 – 9.7) and 5.9% (5.3 – 6.4), in women and men respectively. Regarding moderate/severe angina (grade II), in the 2019 PNS, it was also 5.5% more frequent in women than in men. 3.3%.

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